{{ item.title }} Ocean Commotion Let's find out how online shopping impacts whales and the earth! {{ description }} Sub-Theme & Critical Lens

Anthropocene is the geological epoch we are currently in, characterized by significant human activity impacting Earth’s geology, natural cycles and ecosystems. This critical lens emphasizes how “sustainable ecologies” are often decentralized from our focus in favour of human values like wealth, efficiency and advancement (Heller, 2019).

The Anthropocene lens highlights an interesting paradox: while humans’ general well-being is rising, our actions are pushing our planet toward a future void of natural biodiversity (Heller, 2019). Unfortunately, seemingly small “local actions” like driving to work or ordering a package online have become so normalized and interconnected that they actively contribute to “global risks and consequences” for our environment (Biermann et al., 2016).

A large goal in the Anthropocene epoch is to “facilitate effective international communication” (Heller, 2019). On the surface, the goal seems positive, but viewed through the lens of the Anthropocene, it can have catastrophic environmental effects. The surge in international communication has contributed to the rapid expansion of e-commerce, which relies heavily on international supply chains, packaging materials, and ocean transportation; these factors significantly impact waste management and carbon emissions.

Almost no region is void of this expansive “international communication”; how might you be impacting this human-shaped epoch?

Instructions

Hit “Begin!” at the bottom of the page to start the activity. As you move through the module, use the themed action buttons (for example, “Add to cart,” “Launch the ship,” “Follow the carbon”) to progress through each stage. On some steps, you may need to scroll down to locate these buttons. You can also click “Previous” at any time to return to an earlier stage.

Within each step, you can expand the “More Info” sections to explore additional details, data, and context that deepen your understanding of the topic. These sections are optional but are designed to support further exploration.

As you navigate through the module, read the content carefully and reflect on how it connects to your own habits and assumptions. You are encouraged to take your time and think critically about how everyday actions contribute to broader environmental impacts.

{{button}} References

Biermann, F., Bai, X., Bondre, N., Broadgate, W., Arthur Chen, C.-T., Dube, O. P., Erisman, J. W., Glaser, M., van der Hel, S., Lemos, M. C., Seitzinger, S., & Seto, K. C. (2016). Down to Earth: Contextualizing the Anthropocene. Global Environmental Change, 39(316), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.11.004

CapitalOne Shipping Research. (2026). Amazon Logistics Statistics. https://capitaloneshopping.com/research/amazon-logistics-statistics/

Ellis, L. (2022, January 14). How Do Whales Change Climate? Earth.org. https://earth.org/how-do-whales-change-climate/

Heller, N. E. (2018). Sinking Chicago: Climate change and the remaking of a flood-prone environment. Environmental History, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/envhis/emz017

IFAW. (2024, July 18). The impact of climate change on whales. https://www.ifaw.org/international/journal/impact-climate-change-whales

IFAW. (2025, March 27). How whale poop and phytoplankton fight climate change. https://www.ifaw.org/ca-en/journal/whale-poop-phytoplankton-climate-change

Ionescu, A. (2024, November 22). Ship routes overlap with 92% of whale habitats. Earth.com. https://www.earth.com/news/ship-routes-overlap-with-92-of-whale-habitats/

Lindsey, R. (2025, May 21). Climate change: Atmospheric carbon dioxide (J. Miller, Ed.). Climate.gov; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide

NASA. (2026, January). Carbon dioxide – Earth indicator. NASA Science. https://science.nasa.gov/earth/explore/earth-indicators/carbon-dioxide/

Nisi, A. C., Welch, H., Brodie, S., Leiphardt, C., Rhodes, R., Hazen, E. L., Redfern, J. V., Branch, T. A., Barreto, A. S., Calambokidis, J., Clavelle, T., Dares, L., Vos, A. de, Gero, S., Jackson, J. A., Kenney, R. D., Kroodsma, D., Leaper, R., McCauley, D. J., & Moore, S. E. (2024). Ship collision risk threatens whales across the world’s oceans. Science, 386(6724), 870–875. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adp1950

Pershing, A. J., Christensen, L. B., Record, N. R., Sherwood, G. D., & Stetson, P. B. (n.d.). The impact of whaling on the Ocean Carbon Cycle: Why bigger was better. PLOS ONE. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0012444

PYMNTS (2021, December 5). Amazon Charters Private Cargo Vessels for Greater Supply Chain Control. PYMNTS. https://www.pymnts.com/amazon/2021/amazon-charters-private-cargo-vessels-greater-supply-chain-control/

ShipUniverse. (2025, January 29). Amazon’s growing fleet of cargo ships: Impact on global shipping. Shipuniverse.com. https://www.shipuniverse.com/news/amazons-growing-fleet-of-cargo-ships-impact-on-global-shipping/

Tarasov, K. (2021, December 4). Amazon is making its own containers and bypassing supply chain chaos with chartered ships and long-haul planes. CNBC; www.cnbc.com. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/04/how-amazon-beats-supply-chain-chaos-with-ships-and-long-haul-planes.html

United Nations. (n.d.). Causes and effects of climate change. https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change

Welch, C. (2021, April 15). The hidden world of whale culture. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/the-hidden-world-of-whale-culture-feature

More Info {{ target.topic }} {{ target.subtitle }} Amazon has been consistenly increasing its annual parcel deliveries. With main producer hubs located overseas, whale pods will be facing additinal threats as we continue to fill our waters with ocean freight (CapitalOne Shipping Research, 2026). More Info - 90% of traded goods are transported by sea, and shipping happens across 92% of whale habitats (Nisi et al., 2024).
- Highest-risk areas: Indian Ocean (21.6%), western north Pacific Ocean (14.5%), Mediterranean (13.3%) (Nisi et al., 2024).
- Very very limited protections for whales in hotspots: blue whales 0.54%, humpback whales 0.27%, fin and sperm whales 0% (Nisi et al., 2024).
More Info - Whale's capacity to store carbon has reduced by 9 million tonnes due to commercial whaling (Pershing et al., n.d.).
- Estimated that increasing whale populations could remove 160000 tons of carbon annually via sinking whale carcasses (ie. whale fall) (Pershing et al., n.d.).
More Info {{ target.topic }} {{ target.subtitle }} Atmospheric carbon dioxide has been significantly increasing since industrialization. While there are countless factors adding to this pattern, cargo ships and decreasing whale populations are indeed contributors (Lindsey, 2025).